To cite pmsims, please cite the package and either or both accompanying
papers.

  Carr E, Forbes G, Olaniran R, Shamsutdinova D, Stahl D, Markham S,
  Zimmer F (2026). _pmsims: Simulation-based Sample Size Tools for
  Prediction Models_. R package version 1.0.0,
  <https://pmsims-package.github.io/pmsims/>.

A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is

  @Manual{,
    title = {pmsims: Simulation-based Sample Size Tools for Prediction Models},
    author = {Ewan Carr and Gordon Forbes and Ridwan Olaniran and Diana Shamsutdinova and Daniel Stahl and Sarah Markham and Felix Zimmer},
    year = {2026},
    note = {R package version 1.0.0},
    url = {https://pmsims-package.github.io/pmsims/},
  }

  Shamsutdinova D, Zimmer F, Olaniran O, Markham S, Stahl D, Forbes G,
  Carr E (2026). “Sample Size Calculations for Developing Clinical
  Prediction Models: Overview and pmsims R package.” _arXiv_,
  *arXiv:2602.23507*. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2602.23507
  <https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.23507>. Preprint,
  <https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23507>.

A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is

  @Article{,
    title = {Sample Size Calculations for Developing Clinical Prediction Models: Overview and pmsims R package},
    author = {Diana Shamsutdinova and Felix Zimmer and Oyebayo Ridwan Olaniran and Sarah Markham and Daniel Stahl and Gordon Forbes and Ewan Carr},
    year = {2026},
    journal = {arXiv},
    volume = {arXiv:2602.23507},
    doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2602.23507},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23507},
    note = {Preprint},
  }

  Olaniran O, Shamsutdinova D, Markham S, Zimmer F, Stahl D, Forbes G,
  Carr E (2026). “Adaptive Gaussian process search for simulation-based
  sample size estimation in clinical prediction models: validation of
  the pmsims R package.” _BMC Medical Research Methodology_.
  doi:10.1186/s12874-026-02935-9
  <https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-026-02935-9>.

A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is

  @Article{,
    title = {Adaptive Gaussian process search for simulation-based sample size estimation in clinical prediction models: validation of the pmsims R package},
    author = {Oyebayo Ridwan Olaniran and Diana Shamsutdinova and Sarah Markham and Felix Zimmer and Daniel Stahl and Gordon Forbes and Ewan Carr},
    year = {2026},
    journal = {BMC Medical Research Methodology},
    doi = {10.1186/s12874-026-02935-9},
  }

The validation paper is published in BMC Medical Research Methodology.
The overview paper is currently an arXiv preprint; that citation should
be updated once the peer-reviewed article is available.